A2 is the second level of Vietnamese grammar, after A1.
There are a total of 39 grammar points in the list below.
Parts of speech
Each of the following grammar points roughly corresponds to one part of speech category.
Adverbs
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Continuous/progressive aspect with “đang” | đang + verb / adj. | đang ngủ |
| Expressing “about to” with “sắp” | sắp + verb | sắp mưa |
| Expressing “already” with “đã” | đã + verb / adj. | đã muộn |
| Expressing “just” with “vừa” and “mới” | vừa + verb | vừa đi |
| Expressing “(n)ever” with “bao giờ” | không bao giờ + verb / adj. | không bao giờ khóc |
| Expressing “not yet” with “chưa” | chưa + verb / adj. | chưa hiểu |
| Expressing “only” with “chỉ” | chỉ + verb / adj. | chỉ đùa |
| Expressing “will” with “sẽ” | sẽ + verb / adj. | sẽ đến |
| Expressing simultaneity with “vừa” | vừa + verb 1 + vừa + verb 2 | vừa ăn vừa nói |
Adverbs with adjectives
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Comparative degree with “hơn” | adj. / adv. + hơn | giỏi hơn |
| Expressing “a bit” with “hơi” | hơi + adj. | hơi mệt |
| Superlative degree with “nhất” | adj. / adv. + nhất | nhanh nhất |
Interrogative adverb
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Asking about degrees with “bao (nhiêu)” and “thế nào” | adj. + bao nhiêu | cao bao nhiêu |
Conjunction
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing “but” with “nhưng” | statement + nhưng + opposite | gầy nhưng khoẻ |
| Expressing “or” in statements with “hoặc” | A + hoặc + B | xanh hoặc đỏ |
Nouns
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing “just now” with “vừa nãy” | vừa nãy (+ subj.) + verb | vừa nãy tôi nhầm |
| Expressing “when” with “khi” | khi (+ subj.) + verb | khi đến Việt Nam |
Number
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Approximate and collective quantities | number + đôi / cặp / chục / tá + noun | ba đôi giày |
| Approximation with successive numbers | number + (number + 1) | hai ba |
| Big numbers | thousands + nghìn / ngàn | ba nghìn |
| Ordinal numbers | thứ + number | thứ ba |
Quantifier
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing “and a half” with “rưỡi” | number + measure word + noun + rưỡi | hai quả táo rưỡi |
| Expressing “each” with “mỗi” | mỗi + measure word + noun | mỗi ngôi nhà |
| Expressing “every” with “mọi” | mọi + measure word + noun | mọi ngôi nhà |
| Expressing “half” with “nửa” | nửa + measure word + noun | nửa trái chuối |
| Expressing “several” with “mấy” | mấy + measure word + noun | mấy cái bánh |
Interrogative quantifier
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Asking about quantities with “mấy” and “bao nhiêu” | bao nhiêu + measure word + noun | bao nhiêu cuốn sách |
Prepositions
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Comparisons of equality with “như” | A + adj. + như + B | nó nhanh như chớp |
| Expressing “after” with “sau” | sau + time | sau hôm nay |
| Expressing “before” with “trước” | trước + time | trước 9 giờ |
| Expressing “from … to …” with “từ … đến …” | từ + A + đến + B | từ Hà Nội đến Sài Gòn |
| Expressing “together (with)” with “cùng” | verb + cùng + obj. | đi cùng tôi |
Verbs
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Actions in a row | verb 1 (+ obj. 1) + verb 2 (+ obj. 2) | đi nhà hàng ăn tối |
Auxiliary verbs
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing “should” with “nên” | nên + verb | nên nghỉ ngơi |
| Expressing “to need” with “cần” | cần + verb | cần nói chuyện |
Grammatical structures
None of the following grammar points corresponds to one particular part of speech category.
Complements
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Result complement “xong” | verb + xong | nói xong |
Question forms
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Perfective yes-no questions | đã + verb / adj. + … + chưa? | đã ăn sáng chưa? |
Sentence patterns
| Grammar point | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Cause and effect with “vì” and “nên” | vì + cause + nên + effect | vì thua nên buồn |
| “Stop” imperatives with “đừng … nữa” | đừng + verb / adj. (+ …) + nữa | đừng khóc nữa |
Next level: B1 grammar points.